Juan Peron Is Inaugurated in Argentina ca. 1946

British Pathe

Juan Peron, a former military leader who was instrumental in overthrowing Argentina's civilian government in 1943, was elected president of the country in 1946. He soon began ruling the country as a dictator and ushered in Fascist-inspired street groups that enforced his political ideology. He also brought the country's banks, railroads, and utilities under state control. Copyright The WPA Film Library.

Argentina Mourns Eva Peron ca. 1952

The WPA Film Library

As the wife of president Juan Peron, Eva Peron championed labor rights and voting rights for women. She became a hero to Argentina's working class, and her funeral in 1952 drew thousands of mourners. Copyright The WPA Film Library.

In the Name of the State: When Might Makes Right

3BM Television

This program profiles cases of Iranian-sponsored terrorism via the Hezbollah and the PLO as well as Argentina's dirty war, when the government used terror tactics against its own people. U.S.-backed insurgency in Nicaragua via the Contras is also analyzed. Joseph Kennedy II; Duane Clarridge, former chief of the CIA's Latin American division; and Bayardo Izaba, of the Nicaraguan Center for Human Rights, are spotlighted, as are retired General Martin Balza, former head of Argentina's armed forces; former interrogator Hector Vergez; Estela Barnes de Carlotto, president of the Association of Grandmothers of the May Square; and forensic anthropologist Luis Fondebrider, who is committed to identifying remains of the disappeared. (47 minutes)

A Rebel with a Cause: Death of a Man, Birth of a Legend

S4C International

On October 9, 1967, Ernesto "Che" Guevara was summarily executed. After his mangled body was dumped in an anonymous grave, his killers hoped he would be forgotten-but Che's enemies had underestimated him. In this program, Edward George, of the University of Bristol; General Gary Prado, the officer in charge of Che's capture; and nurse Susan Osinaga, who cleaned Che's dead body, discuss Che's appeal as a Communist martyr, probe the contradictions in his character, and speculate on whether, if allowed to live, he might have slipped into obscurity as his early success in Cuba receded farther and farther into the past. (25 minutes)

Hernandez: Martin Fierro

Ente Público Radiotelevisión

This, the Argentine national epic and the finest example of gauchesca poetry, celebrates the free-spirited mestizo cowboy of the pampas, a man of few possessions beyond his pride and his guitar. The program provides a stunning rendition of the poem, which is both the narrative of one man and the story of a nation and a culture. An RTVE production. Dramatization in Spanish. (60 minutes)

Jorge Luis Borges: El hombre de la esquina rosada (in Spanish)

Ente Público Radiotelevisión

This is one of Borges' finest short stories; its subject is the world of the gaucho; passion, murder, and the ceaseless rhythm of café dancing are diffracted through the author's surrealistic lens. An RTVE production. Dramatization in Spanish. (55 minutes)

The Assassination of Che Guevara: Infamous Assassinations

BBC Worldwide Learning

Born to a middle-class Argentine family, Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara became an icon for revolution and rebellious youth all over the world. One of Fidel Castro’s most trusted lieutenants in the Cuban revolution, he left to become a guerrilla leader fermenting uprisings against other South American dictatorships. Captured in Bolivia on 8 October 1967, he was assassinated by a CIA-inspired killer. A BBC Production. A part of the series Infamous Assassinations. (26 minutes)

How to Succeed in Business by Really, Really Trying

NewsHour Productions

Is the aptitude for business (the legal kind) distributed among convicted criminals as it is in the general population? One seasoned executive thinks so, and believes that by hiring the cream of the ex-con crop, his company will have a leg up on the competition. Original broadcast date: July 27, 2011

Facundo Cabral: A Fondo—In Their Own Words

EDITRAMA S.L.

Rodolfo Enrique Cabral (La Plata, Buenos Aires, 1937 - Guatemala, 2011), was a singer-songwriter, poet, writer and Argentine philosopher. He was characterized by his compositions of trova and his monologues with personal anecdotes, parables, social criticism to promote self-realization, the awakening of consciousness, and spiritual reflection. In 1970, he recorded No soy de aquí, no soy de allá (I am not from here nor am from there). During the last Argentine dictatorship (1976-1983), he was already considered a singer-songwriter of protest, forcing him to leave Argentina in 1976. He settled in Mexico, where he continued to compose and make presentations.

This Day In History: September 16, 1955 – Juan Peron is Deposed

The WPA Film Library

Juan Peron is deposed as leader of Argentina.

This Day In History: July 26, 1952 – Evita Peron Dies

British Pathe

Argentina's Eva Peron dies.

Atahualpa Yupanqui: A Fondo—In Their Own Words

EDITRAMA S.L.

Atahualpa Yupanqui (1908 - 1992). Born Héctor Roberto Chavero, Yupanqui recalls his childhood in the Pampas "the first music was the spur, mirror of the night." His many works include: poetry books The song of the wind and The Pagador Persecuted;song The Axes of My Cart;and composition: The Sacrifice of Tupac Amaru.In 1950, he performed in Parisat the behest of Edith Piaf.When he recorded this A FONDO in 1977, his success was international. "I have no nostalgia, I pick up the guitar and the country is with me."

Argentina: The 500 Stolen Babies of the Dictatorship

CINEFETE

They are Rosa, Estela, Chicha, Elsa, Chela, and Jorgelina. All are ordinary women who, together for the last 35 long years, have fought tirelessly against the Argentine military disctatorship, travelling the world to publicize their cause. They have become symbols of the struggle against oppression, known worldwide as the Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo. In 1976, a military coup overthrew the government in Argentina. There followed eight years of terrible repression against opponents of the regime. Politicians, students, and workers were sequestered, tortured, and murdered with impunity. The number of missing was estimated at 30,000 during those dark years. Young pregnant women did not escape the abuses of the military. Shackled and hooded, they gave birth in detention centers such as ESMA (Mechanical School of the Navy, in the heart of Buenos Aires). Babies were taken away at birth: Five hundred babies were torn from their mothers' arms by the torturers. The others were given to "good Christian families." To find 107 of these children, the Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo not only challenged the totalitarian regime but also used genetic identification and the families' blood as evidence. Who could ever have imagined that the “Blood of Angels” would enable justice to be done after decades of official silence and amnesia? Argentina: The 500 Stolen Babies of the Dictatorship tells their story and follows the unique trial in Buenos Aires that these extraordinary Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo brought about.

Argentina: The Pots And Pans Revolution

Film Ideas

December 2001, Buenos Aires—five days before Christmas a disturbing silence pervades the city. The day before, frustrated Argentineans looted supermarkets. The government reacted immediately by proclaiming a state of emergency. The situation approaches anarchy for 12 days, in which time five presidents will succeed one another. With never before shown footage, this documentary provides a critical analysis of the events around Christmas 2001. It further includes interviews with militants, victims, cameramen and experts, helping to comprehend the connections between, and ramifications of, the many events that led up to chaos. Who holds the future in the years to come, for this young democracy in danger?

Macbeth: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Guiseppe Verdi's four act opera adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name premiered in Florence in 1847. This was Verdi's first operatic adaptation of Shakespeare.

Macbeth: Part III

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Guiseppe Verdi's four act opera adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name premiered in Florence in 1847. This was Verdi's first operatic adaptation of Shakespeare.

Roberto Devereux: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

In Act II, the Queen learns that the Council has given Robert the death sentence. When questioning Raleigh, she learns that Robert had a shawl he would not hand over. The shawl is given to her. Nottingham enters to plead for Robert's life, but the Queen says she knows he has been unfaithful, and produces the shawl when he is brought in. Nottingham is furious when he recognizes the shawl, and swears vengeance. The Queen offers Robert his freedom in exchange for the name of her rival. He refuses and she signs the death warrant.

Otello: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Verdi's penultimate opera, Otello was first performed in 1887. After the success of Aida, Verdi was reluctant to write another opera, and it took his publisher ten years to convince him to complete this opera. In Act I, Othello returns to Cyprus after a successful naval battle. Iago, Othello's friend and secret rival, executes plots to undermine him, including helping Roderigo to seduce Othello's wife, Desdemona, and getting Cassio - captain of Othello's navy - into a drunken brawl. In Act II, Iago convinces Cassio to ask Desdemona to help him back into Othello's good graces after the brawl. Iago sees Cassio approach Desdemona, and when Othello arrives, he uses the scene to suggest that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. Othello demands proof. Meanwhile, Desdemona comes to Othello to petition on Cassio's behalf. Othello complains of a headache to avoid responding. Desdemona offers to wrap his head in her prized handkerchief he gave her, but Othello throws it away. Desdemona's handmaiden grabs the handkerchief and Iago steals it from her. Later, he uses the handkerchief to bait Othello, saying he got it from Cassio.

Norma: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Norma is a tragedia lirica by Vincenzo Bellini with libretto by Felice Romani after the play Norma, ou L'infanticide by Alexandre Soumet. It was first produced at La Scala in 1831. The opera is regarded as a leading example of the bel canto genre, and the soprano prayer,"Casta diva" in Act I is very well known. The action takes place in Gaul under the Roman occupation, and focuses on a love triangle between Pollione, the Roman proconsul of Gaul, Norma, his former companion, and the young Adalgisa. The background is the uprising of the Gallic people against the Roman occupiers, led by the Druid Oroveso. Norma, the high priestess of the Druid temple, had two children by Pollione, breaking her Druid chastity vows. When she discovers that her lover is now in love with her friend, the young Druid priestess Adalgisa, Norma tries to convince Pollione to give up Adalgisa and return to her. He refuses. Finally, Norma publicly confesses her sin of having broken her vow of chastity, and is sentenced to death by fire. Pollione, re-enamoured, goes to the stake with Norma.

Il Trovatore: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Il Trovatore, or The Troubadour, was composed by Verdi and staged for the first time in Rome in 1853. In a complex plot, we find a Count in love with Leonora, a woman who does not return his affections. Her love belongs to another, a mysterious troubadour. The two men confront one another, but the troubadour, Manrico, is unable to kill the Count, di Luna. We later learn that Manrico is actually di Luna's younger brother, who was kidnapped by a gypsy and presumed dead. Manrico and Leonora escape together, but the Count captures and imprisons Manrico. Leonora offers herself in exchange for Manrico's life, though she has secretly taken a slow acting poison. When di Luna finds Leonora dead in Manrico's arms, he executes his brother.

Cendrillon

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Cendrillon, based on Perrault's 1698 version of Cinderella, was composed by Jules Massenet and premiered in Paris in 1899.

La Bohème

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

One of the most well known operas, La Bohéme tells the story of a poor seamstress and her artist friends in Paris. Composed by Puccini, it was first performed in 1896 in Turin. A passionate, timeless story, it is not only a definitive depiciton of love and sorrow, but a portrait of the emotional significance in the trivial things that make up human life.

Beethoven: Concerto #2

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Christian Zacharias and the Lausanne Chamber Orchestra perform Beethoven's Piano Concerto #2.

Beethoven: Concerto #3

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Christian Zacharias and the Lausanne Chamber Orchestra perform Beethoven's Piano Concerto #3.

Beethoven: Concerto #4

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Christian Zacharias and the Lausanne Chamber Orchestra perform Beethoven's Piano Concerto #4.

Bach: Piano Concertos

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Martha Argerich and her artist friends perform the Bach Concertos for Harpsichord / Piano (concert #2).

Tannhauser: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Tannhäuser is based on the troubadour of the same name. It tells the story of the struggle between sacred and profane love, and redemption through love; a theme that runs through much of Wagner's mature work. First performed in Dresden in 1845, it was not met with the success of his previous work, and Wagner immediately set about making revisions. Wagner was never satisfied with the opera.

Parsifal

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Loosely based on a German epic poem by Wolfram von Eschenbach, Parsifal tells the story of a naive youth questing for the Holy Grail. Wagner's last opera, it was composed to be performed solely at the Bayreuth Festival, a monopoly held by the festival from its first performance in 1882 until 1903.

Diamonds As Big As the Ritz: The Musical—All You Need Is Love: A History of Popular Music

Pop Twist Entertainment

This film features how Oscar Hammerstein and Rouben Mamoulian created a new genre in American theatre, the musical. The following artists are featured: Stephen Sondheim; Agnes de Mille; Bob Fosse; Harold Prince; Joseph Papp; Ken Russell; Lorenz Hart; Richard Rodgers; William Hammerstein.

Advice to Actors (Murray Hamilton, James Earl Jones, Jack Klugman, Rip Torn)

Creative Arts Television DBA Aviva Films Ltd

In this program, actors Murray Hamilton, James Earl Jones, Jack Klugman and Rip Torn give advice to young and would-be actors. They discuss the lack of good roles, the place of television, Hollywood vs. Broadway, the importance of regional theater, the necessary mobility of an actor, and about why they went into acting and why they think others do.

The Music Critic

EuroArts Music International

One of the most prestigious venues in the world, Vienna Konzerthaus togs its main stage up into a legendary Viennese Coffee House setting, representing the tradition where poets, writers, critics, and common people often gather to complain about anything Sipping his coffee with an apfelstrudel on the side, John Malkovich slips into the role of the evil critic. Equipped with a frivolous potpourri of musical insults, he believes the music of Beethoven, Chopin, Prokofiev, and the likes to be weary and dreary. Schumann fancies himself a composer, while Brahms is a giftless bastard and Claude Debussy is simply ugly. A sardonic mix of the most evil music critiques of the last centuries written about some of the greatest works of music are presented in The Music Critic. Music by Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Dvorak, Brahms, Schumann, Debussy, Kanchelli, Piazzolla, and Igudesman.

Mark Nadler: I'm a Stranger Here Myself

Sarasota Fringe Films LLC

This video features a production of Mark Nadler's Off-Broadway cabaret performance I'm a Stranger Here Myself. Nadler performs in front of a projected montage of imagery that includes historical photos from the 1920s and 30s as well as gently evocative film clips from the Iowa-born performer's early years in New York. The production evokes the works of Weimar cabaret starts Kurt Weil, Lotte Lenya, Frederich Hollaender, Bertolt Brecht, and Marlene Dietrich. According to The New York Times, "the show is a journey that is both broadly historical and profoundly personal, sampling music linked to the Weimar era in Germany...In the show's final moments, what seemed to be a somewhat random collection of songs and stories turns out to have been leading somewhere after all."

Castro and the Cuban Revolution

Pathe Media

This program tracks the Cuban Revolution from its roots in the dictatorship of Batista, the guerilla war under the leadership of Castro and Che Guevara, their triumph-and then the switch in economic policy which turned the U.S. into an enemy. The program follows the subsequent changes in policy which turned a "good" revolution into a totalitarian one, and Cuba from a client state of the United States into a client of the Soviet Union, which resulted in the missile confrontation with the U.S. in 1962 and the Bay of Pigs, and left Cuba-unable to export sugar to the U.S.-to export revolution around the world. (17 minutes)

From the Bay of Pigs to the Brink

Reuters Television

This program covers the events that began with the Bay of Pigs invasion and ended with a blinking contest between John Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev, with nuclear war an apparently real alternative. The program follows the events, from the failed invasion, to the discovery through aerial photography of missile emplacements in Cuba, to the American blockade of Cuba; from speeches and marches and demonstrations on both sides, to Marine reenforcements arriving at Guantanamo, until the Soviets agreed to remove their missiles and the United States to lift its blockade. The political victory was John Kennedy's, the telephone hotline between Moscow and Washington was installed, and a new era of superpower relationships had begun. (16 minutes)

United News, Release 212 (1946): U.S. Demonstrates Latest Rockets

United News

This World War II-era newsreel includes the following segments: 1. Rockets are fired from various locations. 2. President Peron is inaugurated in Buenos Aires. 3. The fuselage of an eight-motor seaplane is hauled. 4. The Council of Foreign Ministers reconvenes in Paris. 5. Jewish refugees land in Palestine; citizens of Transjordan celebrate their independence; Amir Abdullah reviews Arab troops. 6. Bernard Baruch speaks to the UN Atomic Energy Commission. (9 minutes)

Fidel Castro: History of a Commander-in Spanish

Television Federal

The life of Cuba's Communist leader reveals much about the Cold War, 20th-century Latin American history, and the political and military dimensions of revolutionary movements. This program reaches into all those subjects as it explores the rise and decades-long rule of Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz. Interviews with Latin American experts-including Argentine columnist Oscar Raul Cardoso, historian and psychologist Mario Pacho O'Donnell, and Dr. Roberto Quinones, expatriate son of famous Cuban dissident Dr. Hilda Molina-are included. After outlining Castro's early years, the film guides viewers through his alliance with Che Guevara, his ascension to head of state, his prolonged reign, and his transfer of power to his brother Raul. (Spanish, 45 minutes)

Fidel Castro Plays Baseball in a Cuban Charity Game ca. 1959

British Pathe

Ever since the sport was introduced to Cuba in the mid-19th century, baseball has been one of the nation's most popular pastimes. Cuban leader Fidel Castro, a lifelong baseball enthusiast who had played the game while a student at the University of Havana, pitched in several exhibition games shortly after assuming control of Cuba in 1959. Copyright The WPA Film Library.

Argentina: Chamamé Crudo—in Spanish

Ente Público Radiotelevisión

Many point to Corrientes, a center of musical culture, as the birthplace of the original Chamamé. This program focuses on performances of the following songs: “Chamamé Crudo,” “Mi Pueblo, Mi Casa, Mi Soledad,” and “El Prostíbulo,” by Grupo de Chango Spasiuk; “La Ratonera,” by Tilo Escobar and Chango Spasiuk; “No Me Aflojés Compañero,” by Tilo Escobar; “La Desdichada,” by Grupo de Tito Miqueri; “Plegaria a San Antonio,” by Dos Para la Música; “Tarefero de Mis Pagos,” by Héctor Chávez; “La Calandria,” by Juan Carlos Jensen y Grupo de Eustaquio Miño; “Don Gualberto,” by Juancito Güenaga y Su Conjunto; “Nuestros Sueños y la Distancia,” by Oscar Mambrin; “Kilómetro 11,” by Roque González; and “Sin Rencores Ni Reproches,” by Trébol de Ases.

In the Name of Revolution: Gun-Barrel Politics

3BM Television

For modern revolutionaries the world over, Cuba's Che Guevara literally wrote the book. This program examines radical political movements in Germany, Italy, Peru, and Colombia to see how Che's theories have fared in practice. Former gunman Peter Jurgen Boock, of the Baader-Meinhof Gang; former gunman Valerio Morucci, of the Red Brigades; a former Shining Path insurgent; and Raul Reyes, second-in-command of FARC, talk about their roles in their factions' ideological wars. Giovanni Moro, son of the murdered Italian statesman Aldo Moro; Peruvian Truth Commission member Carlos Tapia, former leader of the United Left Front; and Peru's Minister of Justice Fernando Olivera Vega provide additional insights. (47 minutes)

La intrusa

Ente Público Radiotelevisión

This is a story of passion involving two brothers, inseparable in work and play, and a woman who comes between them. Soon all three are trapped in their own hell of jealousy and death. Contains mature themes. An RTVE Production. (Spanish, 61 minutes)

The Lake Region: Alpine Adventurer (Season 1)

Filmoption International

The group heads for the mountain village of Villa La Angostura in Argentina where Jérôme spent a ski season in 1999. Viewers will tour the Cerra Bajo resort that was founded by visionary Jean-Pierre Raemdonc, when he imported old ski equipment from Europe by boat. The skiers head for the out of bounds area of the resort where non-skied runs lay ahead. They have the mountain to themselves, a true paradise with incredible views of the mountains and lakes of Northern Patagonia. Part of the series Alpine Adventure, Season One. (46 minutes)

Up the Lanin: Alpine Adventurer (Season 1)

Filmoption International

The final leg of the Andean adventure brings the group to the Lanin National Park where the Lanin volcano stands more than 12,000 feet high. After setting up base camp in the small village of Junin, they tackle the ascent of the volcano in search of the ultimate reward: one of the longest ski runs in the world with an 8,500 foot vertical drop. Part of the series Alpine Adventure , Season One. (46 minutes)

Argentina, South America: Don't Forget Your Passport

Magic Lantern Media Inc

Adventure traveler Ellis Emmett crosses the rugged northern region of the Andes Mountains and explores the thermal hot springs enjoyed by nomadic Inca tribes more than 800 years ago. Ellis then makes his way to the wine region of Mendoza. His trip includes a paragliding flight with the national Argentinean champion, and a trail ride on a local dude ranch through the semi-arid desert region. Ellis wraps up his journey among a bevy of beauties, all vying for the title of “Wine Queen.”

Ziegfeld: The Achievers

Magic Lantern Media Inc

Florenz Ziegfeld was the master showman whose Follies took vaudeville from Broadway to the world, delighting audiences from New York to Paris with sophisticated entertainment in which glitz was all and showgirls were queens. (22 minutes)

Antoine De Saint Exupery, The Last Romantic

ARTE France

An aviation pioneer and an airmail carrier hero, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry rose to world fame with The Little Prince, which continues to be one of the best-selling books in the world. During his lifetime, Saint-Exupéry dreamed of a better world. His startling death and his commitment to the point of sacrifice reveal a heroism that makes him one of the last great romantics. “To be a man is, precisely, to be responsible. It is to feel, when setting one’s stone, that one is contributing to the building of the world”—extract from Wind, Sand and Stars.

Leopoldo Torre Nilsson: A Fondo—In Their Own Words

EDITRAMA S.L.

Leopoldo Torre Nilsson (Buenos Aires, 1924 - 1978) is one of the most important and representative filmmakers of Argentine cinema, with a filmography of 42 titles. In 1974, his filmBoquitas was released and won the Special Prize of the Jury and the Silver Shell at the San Sebastian Festival. In 1975, he made his last film, Piedra Libre. A few days after the military coup in March 1976, Nilsson announced his intention to leave the country. He died September 8,1978.

Libertad Lamarque: A Fondo—In Their Own Words

EDITRAMA S.L.

Libertad Lamarque (1908-2000). The singer and actress Libertad Lamarque, was an icon of the Golden Age. She discussesthe 1938 musical filmMadreselva (Honeysuckle)and from "the bride of the romantic tango, always feminine" we hear: I am Crazy about the Horns of Cars and The Girl of the Seventeen. She recountsher trajectory in the theater, musical comedy, and hertours of America.

Antonio Di Benedetto: A Fondo—In Their Own Words

EDITRAMA S.L.

Antonio Di Benedetto (1922, Mendoza - 1986, Buenos Aires) was an Argentine journalist and writer of Italian descent. He began to study law but later dedicated himself to journalism, becoming deputy director of the newspaper Los Andes. Di Benedetto began to write in his adolescence and came to occupy an outstanding place in contemporary Argentine narrative. Di Benedetto published his first book in 1953, Animal World, a volume of stories. Later he wrote five novels, the most famous of which is Zama. Hepublished El Silencieroin 1964 and Los Suicidas in1969. During the last civil-military dictatorship, he was persecuted,imprisoned, and tortured, and finally released on September 4, 1977. He left the country and went into exile in Europe,returning to Argentina in 1984.

The Jesuit Missions of Córdoba, Argentina

Global Screen GmbH

The Jesuit Block in Córdoba, heart of the former Jesuit Province of Paraguay, contains the core buildings of the Jesuit system: the university, the church and residence of the Society of Jesus, and the college. Along with the five estancias, or farming estates, they contain religious and secular buildings which illustrate an unprecedented 150-year-long religious, social, and economic experiment carried out in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Los Glaciares National Park, Argentina: The Magic of the Ice

Global Screen GmbH

Los Glaciares National Park is an area of exceptional natural beauty, with rugged, towering mountains and numerous glacial lakes, including Lake Argentino, a hundred miles long; at its farther end three glaciers meet to dump their effluvia into the milky grey glacial water, launching massive igloo icebergs into the lake with thunderous splashes.

Can A Computer Write A Hit Musical?: Episode 1

DCD Rights Limited

A team of scientists and musical theater writers team up in a world first experiment—to try to work out a recipe for success in musical theater, and then to task computers to use that knowledge and generate a hit! The musical’s Idea, Story, Setting, Lyrics and Music—all must be substantially crafted by computer, leaving musical theater duo Benjamin Till and Nathan Taylor to collaborate with their computational masters and curate the computers’ output. The ultimate goal—to stage the world’s first computer-generated musical professionally in London’s West End. Computer and human creativity are put to the test like never before. This is a story—like the best musicals—with high drama, low comedy, tears and conflict, and an utterly original premise.

Can A Computer Write A Hit Musical?: Episode 2

DCD Rights Limited

The experiment to stage the first ever computer-generated hit musical in London’s West End steps up a gear, as a cast and creative team come on board to rehearse the new musical - ‘Beyond the Fence’. Will the music and lyrics generated by computer be fit for the West End Stage? Will an audience of musical theatre diehards at a secret workshop for the show, who have no idea of the show’s computer origins, spot anything unusual about the piece? How will artists cope with taking dictation from computers, working within constraints, approaching creativity in an entirely new way? And – the ultimate test - what will the audience at the opening night gala performance of the world’s first computer generated musical make of it? Can computers generate art? And if they can what does that mean for us?

Chile: The Mapuche Healers—World Medicine

ARTE France

The Mapuche are the largest native minority within the Chilean State, and account for 9% of the population. Mapuche communities can count on the Machis, healers that treat body and spirit. Bernard Fontanille travels to the region of Araucania to discover the ways in which traditional Mapuche medicine is practiced in relation to its traditions and environment, and the country’s modern health system. With Rosa Barbosa, a Machi, he immerses himself in a medicine whose curative energy comes from the elements.

Weathering the Storm

SW Pictures LTD

While the world seemed to be taken by surprise by the recent global economic crisis, one country was a little more prepared than others. Argentina was hailed as an economic success story in the 1990s; but the country's financial system crashed in 2001 after a lengthy recession. Bank accounts were frozen. Thousands of people saw their life savings disappear. The crisis led to unprecedented levels of unemployment. We examine what Argentina did to pull itself out of crisis and create jobs, and whether the measures put in place are protecting Argentines from the current recession.

The Oratorio: A Documentary with Martin Scorsese

PBS

Martin Scorsese reveals the story of a single performance in 1826 that changed America’s cultural landscape with the introduction of Italian opera to New York City. Taking place in Scorsese’s childhood church where successive waves of immigrants have been embraced, this watershed event was lost to history for almost 200 years but has been rediscovered and the “lost oratorio” will be restaged.

Fire and Ice: Wild Patagonia

BBC Worldwide Learning

Patagonia invites you into a rarely seen South American wilderness, home to surprising creatures who survive in environments that range from the mighty Andes Mountains to Cape Horn. Discover the secret lives of pumas and hummingbirds. Soar with condors over glacial peaks and explore monkey puzzle forests from the time of dinosaurs. Ride with extreme kayakers over raging waterfalls and with Patagonia's cowboys—the gauchos—as they round up wild horses. A BBC Production.

Heat and Dust: Wild Patagonia

BBC Worldwide Learning

Patagonia invites you into a rarely seen South American wilderness, home to surprising creatures who survive in environments that range from the mighty Andes Mountains to Cape Horn. From the Andes peaks, we follow the path of the relentless wind, sweeping east through Patagonia's dry desert. We discover a weird world of maras—giant guinea pigs—and desert-dwelling penguins, and witness the first faltering steps of baby guanacos— Patagonia's very own camels. People live here too—brave souls who have taken on this arid world and carved out a home. A BBC Production.

Mark Nadler: Musik From the Weimar and Beyond

Sarasota Fringe Films LLC

This video features a richly illustrated archive conversation in which cabaret performer and actor Mark Nadler delves into the mysteries of the Weimer era and its heroes and heroines, including Kurt Weil, Lotte Lenya, Frederich Hollaender, Bertolt Brecht, and Marlene Dietrich, all of whom escaped Hitler's Germany for the United States. Nadler discusses the origins of the Weimar Republic and how it encouraged artistic freedom and the end of that freedom with the rise of the Nazi party.

Masses

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Recorded at the opening concert of the Veneto Festival, Claudio Scimone conducts Galuppi's Mass for the Delivery of Slaves, as well as Mozart's Mass in C major K. 317 (Coronation Mass). Roberta Canzian performs soprano with Aldo Caputo as tenor.

La Gazzetta

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

This opera, which satirizes the influence of newpapers on people's lives, was written by Gioachino Rossini and premiered in 1816.

Aida: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Verdi's Aida is a tragic tale of forbidden love. Aida is an Ethiopian princess, enslaved in Egypt. The young Egyptian warrior, Radamès has fallen in love with her, and both must choose between love and loyalty to their country.

Beethoven: Concerto #5

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Christian Zacharias and the Lausanne Chamber Orchestra perform Beethoven's Piano Concerto #5.

Boris Godunov

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Child murder, scheming monks and a Tsar lapsing into madness; Mussorgsky spread the thematic arc wide in his choral opera, which he began to work on from 1868. As an artist of the 19th century, he was driven by the psychology of the masses. In Boris Godunov, alongside the titular hero, the main role is actually taken by the Russian people, who we see rejoicing, starving, demanding, and questioning. Performed at the Baravian State Opera.

Tannhauser: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Tannhäuser is based on the troubadour of the same name. It tells the story of the struggle between sacred and profane love, and redemption through love; a theme that runs through much of Wagner's mature work. First performed in Dresden in 1845, it was not met with the success of his previous work, and Wagner immediately set about making revisions. Wagner was never satisfied with the opera.

Roberto Devereux

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Premiering in 1837 in Naples, Roberto Devereux is a tragic opera loosely based on the life of the Second Earl of Sussex, an influential member of the court of Queen Elizabeth I. It is among several operas by Donizetti that focuses on Tudor England. Queen Elizabeth sends her beloved Devereaux to Ireland to quell a rebellion. When he returns, he resumes his affection for the Duchess of Nottingham, but the Queen is jealous. Other courtiers use Devereaux's actions in Ireland to bait the Queen, and in her jealousy, she condemns him to death for treason. Her regret comes too late to stop the execution, and driven to madness, the Queen is haunted by Robert's headless body.

I Puritani

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

I Puritani, by Vincenzo Bellini, was originally written in two acts and later changed to three acts on the advice of Gioachino Rossini, with whom the young composer had become friends. It is the only opera completed by Bellini. Premiering in Paris in 1835, it is the story of love between Elvira and Arturo, set against the backdrop of the English Civil War of the 1640s. Elvira's hand has been promised to Sir Richard Forth, whom she does not love. Instead, she is madly in love with Arturo Talbo. Realizing his niece's sadness, Elvira's uncle convinces her father to allow her to marry Arturo. At the wedding celebration, Arturo discovers that Queen Enrichetta is a prisoner in the castle, and he helps her escape. Elvira thinks that she has been abandoned, but in the end the lovers are reunited.

Don Giovanni

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

This opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is based on a libretto by Da Ponte, which premiered in Prague in 1878. It is one of Mozart’s most moving works, mixing edgy drama and humor with intelligence and mastery. This performance at the Dijon Opera is directed by Jean-Yves Ruf and conducted by Gerard Korsten at the head of the Chamber Orchestra of Europe. Ruxandra Donose is Donna Elvira.

The Magic Flute

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

The Magic Flute is an opera in the form of a Singspiel—a popular form at the time that included both singing and spoken dialog. It was first performed in 1791, a mere two months before Mozart's untimely death. The opera tells the story of Pamina and Tamino. Tamino is sent by the Queen of the Night to rescue her daughter, Pamina, from the high priest Sarastro. However, both are seduced by the ideals of Sarastro's community, and after severe trials of initiation, they succeed while the Queen and her cohort are vanquished.

The Perfect American

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Composed by Philip Glass, and premiering in Madrid in 2013, The Perfect American is based on a fictional re-imagining of the last years of Walt Disney's life. The opera is directed by Phelim McDermott, while the role of Walt Disney is performed by baritone Christopher Purves, and his wife is played by soprano Marie McLaughlin. Dennis Russell Davies conducts.

Doing Business in Argentina

Big World

To succeed in international business in Argentina, you need proper preparation. Failure to understand this proud culture will cost you time, money, or worse. Filled with role plays, scenarios, and cultural tips, this program enters the offices of top executives to present the essentials of Argentina business culture. Emphasizing the importance of manners, it shows how to gain access to the corridors of power—from financial stock to livestock—and demonstrates what to do if negotiators get angry or just walk out. It examines business customs and etiquette in Argentina, explains how to communicate effectively and understand what is really being said, discusses the fundamentals of Argentina business management, and considers why it is better to be authoritarian—rather than egalitarian.

In the Making (American Masters)

PBS

Follow two performers as they break down barriers in music. Opera singer J’Nai Bridges takes the stage in “A Knee on the Neck,” a choral tribute to George Floyd. Country artist Rissi Palmer redefines success as she works on her latest album, while uplifting other artists of color in the Americana genres.

Che Guevara: A Guerrilla to the End

Journeyman Pictures

Ernesto "Che" Guevara was both a romantic and a rebel, honored by many for his commitment to liberation yet vilified by others as a rogue. This compelling program traces the life of a man whose idealism and determination gripped the imagination of an era. Interviews with family members, partisans, enemies, and others-including the photographer who immortalized him-share their recollections and impressions. Topics include Che's victory in Cuba, his failures in Africa, and his attempts to gather support in Bolivia, ending in his capture and execution. Archival photos and footage, plus readings from his letters and diary, round out this compassionate account of revolutionary fervor. (51 minutes)

Ernesto Sabato: The Conflict of Ideas-in Spanish

Television Federal

This program traces the dramatic and circuitous life journey of physicist turned novelist and literary critic Ernesto Sabato. His early Communist affiliation, his research in the Universidad Nacional de la Plata and at the Curie Laboratory in Paris, and his eventual abandonment of science on anti-totalitarian grounds are all set against the backdrops of war, revolution, and cultural upheaval. With keen insight into the subtlety and variety of Sabato's endeavors, the video studies examples of his extraordinary literary accomplishment and explores his political contribution as the head of Argentina's National Commission on the Disappearance of People. (Spanish, 50 minutes)

Evita Peron: A Story of Transformation-in Spanish

Television Federal

Eva Maria Duarte was born in 1919, the youngest child of poor, unmarried parents. Before her death in 1951, she had transformed herself and the nation of Argentina by politically organizing and empowering women and working-class people, as well as creating a foundation that built hundreds of schools and hospitals. This program beautifully illustrates her journey, including her early days as a film and radio actress, her marriage to War Minister Juan Peron, her assistance in his election to the Presidency, her unconventional political accomplishments, and her reinvention of image of Argentina's First Lady. (Spanish, 51 minutes)

Fidel Castro: History of a Commander-in Spanish with English Subtitles

Television Federal

The life of Cuba's Communist leader reveals much about the Cold War, 20th-century Latin American history, and the political and military dimensions of revolutionary movements. This program reaches into all those subjects as it explores the rise and decades-long rule of Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz. Interviews with Latin American experts-including Argentine columnist Oscar Raul Cardoso, historian and psychologist Mario Pacho O'Donnell, and Dr. Roberto Quinones, expatriate son of famous Cuban dissident Dr. Hilda Molina-are included. After outlining Castro's early years, the film guides viewers through his alliance with Che Guevara, his ascension to head of state, his prolonged reign, and his transfer of power to his brother Raul. (Spanish with English subtitles, 45 minutes)

United News, Release 175 (1945): New Target Plane Is Controlled by Radio

United News

This World War II-era newsreel includes the following segments: 1. Radio-controlled target airplanes are constructed and fired upon. 2. The 7th Infantry Division enters Seoul, Korea, and the Japanese troops in Korea surrender to General John R. Hodge. 3. Premier Tojo in Yokohama after attempting suicide. 4. Wild horses are rounded up in Canada for shipment to Europe. 5. Ambassador Braden explains the Argentine question; an anti-Peron demonstration in Buenos Aires. 6. The liner Europa docks at New York City with returning veterans; returning POWs land in San Francisco. (10 minutes)

Fidel Castro

Reuters Television

After Fidel Castro came to power in 1959, Cuba was transformed from American satellite to Soviet client-and, as the Soviet sphere of influence shrank, Cuba started on the way to being transformed into a stand-alone source of bad news 90 miles off the coast of Florida. This program documents Castro's direction of the overthrow of Batista; his accession to power; the Bay of Pigs attack; Che Guevara's role; changes in the Cuban economy; the continuing United States presence at Guantanamo; the Cuban presence in Angola; the exodus of Cuban refugees to the United States. The program raises but does not answer the questions of whether the Cuban people are better off now than before Castro, or whether Castro enjoys as broad a base of support as he and his idolaters claim. (22 minutes, b&w/color)

The Many Faces of Borges

Films for the Humanities & Sciences

Jorge Luis Borges-"invented" in collaboration with virtually everyone, including himself-defies easy identification. In this birthday tribute, which begins with the master reading his classic Borges and I, the then-80-year-old short story writer, poet, essayist, and philosopher joins TV and radio personality Antonio Carrizo in a Borgesian discussion of the multiplicity of existence; the influence of his family, his friends, and writers from the past; his love of language; and the elusive Nobel Prize. Guests Roy Bartolomeo and Maria Kodama add insights into Borges as a lecturer and scholar, the universality of his writings, and even his blindness. (Spanish, 82 minutes)

The Many Faces of Borges

Films for the Humanities & Sciences

Jorge Luis Borges—“invented” in collaboration with virtually everyone, including himself—defies easy identification. In this birthday tribute, which begins with the master reading his classic Borges and I, the then-80-year-old short story writer, poet, essayist, and philosopher joins TV and radio personality Antonio Carrizo in a Borgesian discussion of the multiplicity of existence; the influence of his family, his friends, and writers from the past; his love of language; and the elusive Nobel Prize. Guests Roy Bartolomeo and María Kodama add insights into Borges as a lecturer and scholar, the universality of his writings, and even his blindness. (Spanish with English subtitles, 82 minutes)

Hair Styles of the Day, 1955

British Pathe

Pageant of Hair Styles. Men and women get unique hair styling. Copyright The WPA Film Library.

Cuba and Haiti: Globe Trekker

555 Productions

This Globe Trekker episode follows Ian Wright as he skydives onto a Havana beach and journeys through Cuba and Haiti. In the tobacco province of Pinar del Rio he lends a hand to the guajieros, visits a cigar factory, and stays in the holiday resort built by Fidel Castro's lover. Ian visits the site of the Bay of Pigs invasion and Che Guevara University before swimming with dolphins in Holguin, touring Santiago de Cuba, the country's music capital, taking a trip to Dinosaur Land, a bizarre theme park built by criminals on community service, and climbing the Gran Piedra. He continues to Port au Prince, the capital of Haiti and oldest black republic in the world. After a quick visit to Jacmel to witness a cockfight, Ian gets involved in a peasant festival, is invited to a voodoo ceremony, and ends up at a spectacular citadel in Cap Haitian. (49 minutes)

Argentina: Globe Trekker

555 Productions

Justine Shapiro explores Argentina, from the mile wide Iguazu Falls to the mystic caves and Parque Nacional Los Glaciales in El Calafate, in this episode of Globe Trekker. She visits a theme park made entirely of garbage, the largest penguin colony in the South Atlantic, the cosmopolitan Buenos Aires, Eva Peron's grave, and the tranquil El Bolson, where she meets a fellow American who settled down in this calm haven. She buys a bracelet made from goat's toenails, learns to tango, drinks mate with the locals, attends a religious festival in honor of the Virgin of the Valley, feeds bread to alligators, hangs out with Argentinian cowboys, and takes a three-day train ride known as The Train to the Clouds, which rises to 15,000 feet in places. (48 minutes)

The Mendoza Case: A “Green Rights” Legal Ruling in Argentina

The Green Interview

This short documentary produced by The Green Interview focuses on what’s referred to as the “Mendoza case,” a landmark ruling that took place in Argentina in 2008 and is named after Beatriz Mendoza, a health care worker living in a poor and heavily polluted area of Buenos Aires. In 2004 she lead a group of Matanza River basin residents and filed a lawsuit against the national government, the Province of Buenos Aires, the City of Buenos Aires and 44 companies—seeking compensation for damages resulting from pollution to the river basin, stoppage of contaminating activities, and a remedy for collective environmental damage. Argentina’s Supreme Court ruled that government and industry had indeed infringed the residents' right to a healthy environment and were obliged to repair the damage. Efforts to do so are ongoing. In addition, this video also takes the viewer to Ecuador, Canada, America, and the Philippines to peek at other current green rights leaders and conflicts.

Pilcuyo, Peru: Altiplano Home of the Aymara People—The Field Afar

Odyssey Impact, Inc.

This film provides a window into the experiences of Maryknoll Missioner husband and wife team Maribeth Bathom and Steve Nathe as they live and work with the Aymara people of Pilcuyo, Peru. The ancient Andean community has cultivated the Altiplano for two millennia and believes that Pachamama, or Mother Earth, provides fertility in the harsh climate. Bathom and Nathe form a team with lay church leader PedroCopaja to implement agricultural and healthcare projects while caring for their baby son. They gradually gain local trust while learning about their host culture.

Jonathan Miller's Opera Works: Episode 1

BBC Worldwide Learning

With infectious enthusiasm, humor and no-nonsense insight, Jonathan Miller brings opera to life. This series takes various famous scenes from scratch, rehearsing students from the Royal Northern College of Music in different aspects of opera: the ensemble, the duet, the chorus, the aria, the recitative and the death scene. Excerpts in this episode include the Act II finale from The Marriage of Figaro and a portion of Act III from A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Weird Science—Carnivorous Plants: The Science Squad

Network Ireland Television

They mightn’t look as terrifying as Audrey II from Little Shop of Horrors, but Ireland’s smaller creatures still have plenty to fear from our native carnivorous plants!

MegaWorld: Argentina

Magic Lantern Media Inc

Argentina makes some of the finest wines in the world, but it's also quickly establishing itself as a technological giant in South America. The MegaWorld team will visit CONAE a civilian agency that builds and launches communication satellites for clients all over the world. We'll get a rare, up-close look at one of these huge communication devices and find out exactly what goes into manufacturing them. We'll visit the world's only factory that makes vintage aircraft from scratch and another firm that specializes in the manufacture and installation of artificial turf for South America's largest football stadiums. We'll feature the Syncrolift, a gigantic ship raising platform that can hoist a 55,000-ton ship off the ground for construction and maintenance, update the construction of new subway lines in Buenos Aires, and get up close with the world's largest olive harvester.

Macbeth: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Guiseppe Verdi's four act opera adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name premiered in Florence in 1847. This was Verdi's first operatic adaptation of Shakespeare.

Roberto Devereux: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Premiering in 1837 in Naples, Roberto Devereux is a tragic opera loosely based on the life of the Second Earl of Sussex, an influential member of the court of Queen Elizabeth I. It is among several operas by Donizetti that focuses on Tudor England. In Act I, we learn that both the Queen and Sara, Duchess of Nottingham, are in love with Robert. Robert is accused of treason, but the Queen is reluctant to give him the death sentence. The Queen presents a ring to Robert, saying that it is a pledge of his safety should he ever return it to her. Sara knits him a shawl as a love token.

Roberto Devereux: Part III

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Robert sends the Queen's ring to Sara, asking her to beg for mercy, but Nottingham prevents her from leaving. Meanwhile, Robert is anxious that the ring has not made it to the Queen. Finally, Sara makes her way to the Queen and hands over the ring. The Queen tries to stop the execution unsuccessfully and is haunted by Robert's headless body.

Otello: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

In Act III, Othello finds out that Desdemona no longer has the handkerchief he gave her. He is furious, and Desdemona protests her fidelity. Iago lures Cassio into a conversation overheard by Othello. While they talk of Bianca, Cassio's lover, Othello thinks the talk is of Desdemona. Iago had planted Desdemona's handkerchief in Cassio's chambers, and when he produces it, Othello is assured of Desdemona's betrayal. In Act IV, Othello comes into Desdemona's bedchamber, and after she fails to convince him of her innocence, he strangles her to death. When her handmaiden confronts him, Iago's plot is revealed. Horrified, Othello stabs himself, then drags himself onto the bed to die in his wife's arms.

Norma: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

In Act II, the Gauls prepare to attack the Romans. A sacrificial victim is needed to perform the rites. Pollione is led in, as he has just descrated the temple. Norma is unable to kill him, however, and instead, declares that she is the sacrifice, since she broke her vows of chastity. As she prepares to leap into the pyre, Pollione declares, "your pyre is mine", and follows her into the flames.

Il Trovatore: Part I

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Il Trovatore, or The Troubadour, was composed by Verdi and staged for the first time in Rome in 1853. In a complex plot, we find a Count in love with Leonora, a woman who does not return his affections. Her love belongs to another, a mysterious troubadour. The two men confront one another, but the troubadour, Manrico, is unable to kill the Count, di Luna. We later learn that Manrico is actually di Luna's younger brother, who was kidnapped by a gypsy and presumed dead. Manrico and Leonora escape together, but the Count captures and imprisons Manrico. Leonora offers herself in exchange for Manrico's life, though she has secretly taken a slow acting poison. When di Luna finds Leonora dead in Manrico's arms, he executes his brother.

Bloody Daughter

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

In this moving portrait, we see two legends of piano, Martha Argerich and Stephen Kovacevich, through the eyes of their daughter Stéphanie. Bloody Daughter (a nickname given to Stéphanie by her father) is a deeply intimate exploration of the family and their entourage, touching on broader questions about the relationship between musicians' lives and careers.

Aida: Part II

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Verdi's Aida is a tragic tale of forbidden love. Aida is an Ethiopian princess, enslaved in Egypt. The young Egyptian warrior, Radamès has fallen in love with her, and both must choose between love and loyalty to their country.

Beethoven: Concerto #1

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Christian Zacharias and the Lausanne Chamber Orchestra perform Beethoven's Piano Concerto #1.

Elektra

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Richard Strauss' one-act opera, Elektra, may be the bloodiest ever written. Based on the classic Greek tragedy, the story centers on Elektra, who is bent on killing her mother, Klytaemnestra, who in turn killed her father, King Agamemnon.

Les Indes Galantes

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

Les Indes Galantes takes the form of an opera-ballet with a prologue and four acts. The four acts have distinct and separate plots, but are unified by the theme of love in exotic places (The Ottoman Empire, Peru, Persia, and North America). Written by Jean-Phillipe Rameau, it premiered in Paris in 1735 with the prologue and first two acts only.

Pelléas et Mélisande

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

The only opera Debussy ever completed, Pelléas et Mélisande is considered a landmark in 20th-century music. Prince Golaud finds Mélisande, a mysterious young woman, lost in a forest. He marries her and brings her back to the castle of his grandfather, King Arkel of Allemonde. Here, Mélisande becomes increasingly attached to Golaud's younger half-brother Pelléas, arousing Golaud's jealousy. Golaud goes to excessive lengths to find out the truth about Pelléas and Mélisande's relationship, even forcing his own child, Yniold, to spy on the couple. Pelléas decides to leave the castle, but arranges to meet Mélisande one last time and the two finally confess their love for one another. Golaud, who has been eavesdropping, rushes out and kills Pelléas. Mélisande dies shortly after, having given birth to a daughter, with Golaud still begging her to tell him “the truth.”

Alceste

Naxos Rights (Europe) Ltd.

To celebrate the 300th anniversary of the birth of composer Christoph Willibald Gluck, the Teatro Real in Madrid staged an amazing production of Alceste with Krysztof Warlikowski. A musical and dramatic masterpiece between Baroque and Classical, it was staged as a daring bridge between antiquity and the story of Princess Diana. Directed by Stéphane Metge.